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IGCSE Biology PowerPoint Presentation | Circulatory System
1. Mechanical Digestion - Definition: Physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces without chemical changes.
2. Differences in Teeth Based on Diet: Humans, rodents, carnivores, and vegetarians have varied dental structures tailored to their diets.
3. Tooth Structure - Components: Crown (visible above gum), Root (embedded in jawbone), Enamel (hard protective layer), Dentine (supports enamel), Pulp Cavity (contains nerves and blood vessels), Cement (anchors tooth).
4. Dental Decay - Process: Bacteria metabolize sugars, produce acid, dissolve enamel, expose dentine, and cause cavities and toothache.
5. Stephan Curve - Explanation: Shows pH drop after sugar consumption; critical pH is the point where enamel degradation begins.
6. Preventive Care - Recommendations: Brushing teeth and using fluoride to reduce bacterial populations and prevent gum disease.
2. Differences in Teeth Based on Diet: Humans, rodents, carnivores, and vegetarians have varied dental structures tailored to their diets.
3. Tooth Structure - Components: Crown (visible above gum), Root (embedded in jawbone), Enamel (hard protective layer), Dentine (supports enamel), Pulp Cavity (contains nerves and blood vessels), Cement (anchors tooth).
4. Dental Decay - Process: Bacteria metabolize sugars, produce acid, dissolve enamel, expose dentine, and cause cavities and toothache.
5. Stephan Curve - Explanation: Shows pH drop after sugar consumption; critical pH is the point where enamel degradation begins.
6. Preventive Care - Recommendations: Brushing teeth and using fluoride to reduce bacterial populations and prevent gum disease.