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IGCSE Biology PowerPoint Presentation | Circulatory System

1. Mechanical Digestion - Definition: Physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces without chemical changes.

2. Differences in Teeth Based on Diet: Humans, rodents, carnivores, and vegetarians have varied dental structures tailored to their diets.

3. Tooth Structure - Components: Crown (visible above gum), Root (embedded in jawbone), Enamel (hard protective layer), Dentine (supports enamel), Pulp Cavity (contains nerves and blood vessels), Cement (anchors tooth).

4. Dental Decay - Process: Bacteria metabolize sugars, produce acid, dissolve enamel, expose dentine, and cause cavities and toothache.

5. Stephan Curve - Explanation: Shows pH drop after sugar consumption; critical pH is the point where enamel degradation begins.

6. Preventive Care - Recommendations: Brushing teeth and using fluoride to reduce bacterial populations and prevent gum disease.

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File type: PowerPoint
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Last update: 8 months ago
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