1. Plate Tectonics and Geological Structures – Identification of Earth′s layers, tectonic plate boundaries, mid-ocean ridges, and fossil formation constraints.

2. Weathering, Erosion, and Adaptations – Types of weathering and erosion, adaptation of limpets to rocky shores.

3. Marine Biology and Conservation – Identification of shark species, taxonomy classification, shark fin trade decline, and oceanic zones.

4. Food Chains and Ecosystem Dynamics – Biomass pyramids, effects of primary productivity on food webs, and trophic interactions.

5. Tidal Influences and Variations – Alignment of celestial bodies affecting tides, factors influencing spring tide heights.

6. Chemical Properties of Seawater – Composition and pH variations in seawater, impact of acidification on coral reefs.