1. States of Matter and Gas Properties | Understanding evaporation, molecular movement in gases, and pressure changes due to temperature.

2. Atomic Structure and Bonding | Identifying isotopes, writing ionic compound formulas, and distinguishing between covalent and ionic bonding.

3. Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry | Balancing equations, predicting products, and understanding reaction types, including redox and displacement reactions.

4. Electrolysis and Energy Changes | Describing electrolysis of molten salts, identifying products at electrodes, and interpreting exothermic and endothermic reaction diagrams.

5. Periodic Table and Metal Reactivity | Predicting trends in halogens, determining metal reactivity, and explaining displacement reactions in aqueous solutions.

6. Organic Chemistry and Polymers | Identifying functional groups, understanding polymerization processes, and naming homologous series members.

7. Acids, Bases, and Salts | Explaining strong vs. weak acids, writing ionic equations, and describing methods to prepare salts.

8. Rates of Reaction and Catalysis | Investigating factors affecting reaction rate, describing catalyst functions, and applying collision theory to reaction kinetics.