1. Forces & Motion | Calculating resultant force from perpendicular vectors, determining average speed, analyzing speed-time graphs.

2. Gravitational & Density Concepts | Identifying gravitational field properties, interpreting floating and sinking objects based on density.

3. Moments & Equilibrium | Analyzing torque and balance conditions using pivoted beams and applied forces.

4. Energy & Power | Identifying energy transfer processes in the Sun, calculating gravitational potential energy, determining efficiency of a lifting machine.

5. Pressure & States of Matter | Calculating air pressure at altitude, differentiating between vibrational and translational motion in different states.

6. Thermal Properties & Heat Transfer | Understanding gas pressure changes, thermal energy transfer by conduction, convection, and radiation.

7. Wave Properties & Applications | Defining frequency, analyzing tsunami wave speed, explaining diffraction and refraction of light.

8. Electricity & Magnetism | Understanding electric fields, energy transfer in circuits, interpreting current-voltage characteristics.

9. Electromagnetic Induction & Motors | Analyzing induced currents in conductors, explaining split-ring commutators in DC motors.

10. Radioactivity & Nuclear Physics | Identifying nuclear emissions, calculating half-life, describing radiation deflection in magnetic fields.

11. Astronomy & Cosmology | Understanding planetary properties, estimating universe age, describing stellar evolution from protostar to stable star.