1. Marine Photosynthesis and Carbon Transport | Analyzing light intensity variations in ocean zones, phytoplankton growth, and carbon movement through vertical migration.

2. Trophic Levels and Biomass Transfer | Constructing pyramids of biomass, evaluating efficiency of energy transfer between trophic levels, and nutrient cycling in marine food chains.

3. Oceanographic Data Collection | Interpreting temperature profiles, nitrate concentrations, and phytoplankton distribution, discussing sampling methods for ocean research.

4. Ocean Acidification and Marine Life | Investigating effects of CO₂ emissions on sea snail shells, assessing nutritional changes in algae due to lower pH levels.

5. Marine Taxonomy and Food Webs | Identifying echinoderm species, constructing marine food webs, and evaluating adaptive survival strategies in collector urchins.

6. Tsunami Formation and Coastal Impacts | Explaining earthquake-induced tsunamis, geomorphological influences on wave height, and coastal erosion caused by tsunami forces.