1. Experimental Design and Hypothesis Testing | Understanding matched pairs design, longitudinal experiments, and independent variables in psychological studies.

2. Validity and Reliability in Research | Analyzing ecological validity issues, inter-rater and inter-observer reliability, and improvements in research accuracy.

3. Data Collection and Measurement Techniques | Examining personality research methods, controlled variables, and graphical representation of experimental results.

4. Behavioral Training and Learning Theories | Investigating success measurement in animal training, situational variables affecting behavior, and reinforcement methods.

5. Social Psychology and Altruism Studies | Comparing Chen’s study with Piliavin et al. on helping behavior, and exploring sampling techniques in field experiments.

6. Questionnaire-Based Research on Prosocial Behavior | Designing teacher-administered questionnaires for studying children′s social interactions and evaluating methodological strengths and weaknesses.