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1. Production & Trade – Factors of production, industrial sectors, division of labor, buying sources, costs of buying and selling, types of commercial enterprises, international trade, and trading blocs.

2. Retail & Commerce – Franchising, public corporations, retailer functions, location factors, developments in retailing, wholesaling, and eCommerce.

3. Insurance & Consumer Protection – Principles of insurance, business risks, policy renewals and claims, consumer protection laws, trade protection, exchange rates, and bad debts.

4. Finance & Commercial Performance – Financial institutions, finance sources, issuing shares and debt, payment methods, commercial calculations, measuring and improving commercial performance.

5. Aids for Commerce – Communications, transport systems, warehousing, advertising methods, social media in marketing, impact of technology on promotion, trading documents, and consumer credit types.

6. Exam Preparation – Commercial operations, associated risks, command words, glossary, and index for commercial studies.

Edexcel International GCSE Commerce (4CM1) Apr 2019

Mark William

Classification: Student Book

Page count: 426

Viewed: 146

Last update: 3 months ago

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Commerce Student Book , Edexcel IGCSE (9-1) | Free PDF

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