1. Opportunity Cost and Production Possibility Frontiers – Explanation of marginal analysis using a PPF table to illustrate opportunity cost in capital and consumer goods production.

2. Price Mechanism and Market Equilibrium – Analysis of how excess supply of carbon steel affects price and how market forces restore equilibrium.

3. Elasticity of Demand and Government Policies – Calculation of price elasticity of demand for tobacco products in different income groups and assessment of tax impacts on consumption.

4. Substitutes and Consumer Choice – Explanation of how price changes in tobacco cigarettes influence demand for e-cigarettes over time.

5. Government Intervention and Market Failures – Evaluation of the effects of tobacco advertising bans on industry revenue and public health.

6. Free Market vs. Regulation in Health Markets – Debate on the advantages of a free-market approach versus government regulation in the cigarette industry.