1. Global culture—Westernisation, cultural diffusion, global brands, shared media consumption, hybrid identities, homogenised values 2. Education and social control—formal sanctions, behavioural conformity, hidden curriculum, authority reinforcement, normative behaviour, institutional discipline 3. Disability as negative identity—medical model dominance, social exclusion, stigma, discrimination, limited access, media misrepresentation 4. Reconstituted family growth—divorce rate increase, remarriage trends, stepfamily acceptance, life course change, social norms shift, cohabitation rise 5. Changing partner roles—gender equality progress, dual-income families, shared domestic labor, role negotiation, feminist influence, traditional role decline 6. Ethnicity and family diversity—cultural traditions, religious values, migration effects, extended kin support, community norms, intersection with class and gender