1. Claudius’ invasion of Britain 43 AD; military prestige; Senate approval; expansion of empire; economic gain through resources and tribute; propaganda success
2. Virgil’s Aeneid depiction of Actium; divine favor for Augustus; symbolic imagery (flames, star, gods); Agrippa’s heroism; Antony’s eastern associations; Cleopatra as foreign influence
3. Actium portrayals across sources (Virgil, Dio, Plutarch); emphasis on Roman vs foreign; Augustan ideology; moral and political legitimacy; use of myth and divine justification
4. Emperors and religion; Augustus’ religious revival; temple restorations; cult of Roma and Augustus; Tiberius’ restraint; Caligula’s deification ambitions; Nero’s divine association
5. Nero’s reign before and after Agrippina’s death; early good governance under maternal influence; later decline in responsibility and excess; source bias (Tacitus, Suetonius); imperial challenges
6. Integration of literary, historical, and visual sources; mythological framing; political messaging through religion and military success; shifting narratives across reigns and sources