omer uner
Classification: OCR Paper 1
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Crash report
Chemistry (A) H032/01 June 2023
1. Atomic structure and bonding: boiling point trend in halogens (London forces), p-orbital count in sulfur, ionisation energy pattern to deduce oxide formula (e.g., Al₂O₃), dot-and-cross diagrams and shape prediction for NF₃ (trigonal pyramidal, 102°) and BF₃ (trigonal planar, 120°)
2. Energetics and equilibrium: enthalpy profile with/without catalyst, ΔH and Ea labeling, combustion and enthalpy calculations (heptane, CO + NO), standard formation enthalpy of CO₂, Le Chatelier’s principle on pressure, temperature, and catalyst effect on SO₃ equilibrium yield
3. Quantitative analysis and acid-base reactions: atom economy, empirical formula, gas volume calculations at RTP, titration to identify Group 1 metal (from titre and molar mass), acid reactions (CuO + HCl, ammonium carbonate + HNO₃), definition and application of strong acids
4. Organic reactions and mechanisms: radical substitution (initiation and propagation steps for 2-bromobutane), sustainability via atom economy (HBr addition vs Br₂ substitution), alkene addition reactions (to alcohol, alkane, bromoalkane), oxidation of primary vs secondary alcohols (with conditions and product types)
5. Analytical and instrumental techniques: mass spectrum fragment interpretation (e.g., m/z = 59), IR spectrum identification, reaction pathways using IR and MS, differentiating isomers (pentan-2-ol vs pentan-3-ol), determination of intermediate structure via synthesis flowchart
2. Energetics and equilibrium: enthalpy profile with/without catalyst, ΔH and Ea labeling, combustion and enthalpy calculations (heptane, CO + NO), standard formation enthalpy of CO₂, Le Chatelier’s principle on pressure, temperature, and catalyst effect on SO₃ equilibrium yield
3. Quantitative analysis and acid-base reactions: atom economy, empirical formula, gas volume calculations at RTP, titration to identify Group 1 metal (from titre and molar mass), acid reactions (CuO + HCl, ammonium carbonate + HNO₃), definition and application of strong acids
4. Organic reactions and mechanisms: radical substitution (initiation and propagation steps for 2-bromobutane), sustainability via atom economy (HBr addition vs Br₂ substitution), alkene addition reactions (to alcohol, alkane, bromoalkane), oxidation of primary vs secondary alcohols (with conditions and product types)
5. Analytical and instrumental techniques: mass spectrum fragment interpretation (e.g., m/z = 59), IR spectrum identification, reaction pathways using IR and MS, differentiating isomers (pentan-2-ol vs pentan-3-ol), determination of intermediate structure via synthesis flowchart