🌟 This Topic is About...

• ⚡ I will learn that carrying heat and electricity are properties of a substance.
• 📝 I will collect and record observations and measurements in tables.
• 🛡️ I will work safely during practical investigations.
• 🔧 I will suggest ways to improve an investigation.
• 📈 I will draw graphs of results and make conclusions.
• 🧪 I will group substances by their properties.
• 🔍 I will spot which type of scientific enquiry is being used.
• 🤔 I will use science knowledge to make a prediction.
• ✅ I will use results to check if my prediction was accurate.
• 🔎 I will identify and describe patterns in results.

Ready to test, measure, and think like a scientist! 🔬🌟

🌟 Key Words

• conduction
• electrical conductors
• thermal conductors

🔍 Think like a Scientist 1

Investigate how well different materials conduct heat

🧰 You will need: A beaker of hot water, a metal teaspoon, a plastic teaspoon, a glass rod, a pencil, a long thin piece of polystyrene foam, five beads, and petroleum jelly.

🛡️ Safety First: Be careful not to knock over the beaker of hot water. Don’t touch the hot water!

🧪 Method:

1. Put a small bit of petroleum jelly of the same size onto one end of each of the materials. Push a bead into the petroleum jelly.
2. Your teacher will pour hot water into a beaker. Put each of the different materials into the beaker.

❓ Questions:

1. Which bead do you think will fall off first? Say why.
2. Draw a table to record the order in which the beads fall off the materials.
3. a) Which bead fell off first?
   b) Was your prediction correct?
4. a) Which bead fell off last?
   b) What does this show you about that material?
5. Write a conclusion for the investigation from your observations.
6. Suggest a way to improve the investigation so that you can draw a graph of your results.
7. Which types of scientific enquiry did you use in the investigation? Explain your answer.

🤔 FUN QUESTIONS

1. Explain in your own words what a thermal conductor is. 🔥

2. Why do you think pots and pans are made from metal? 🍳

3. Why do you think the handles of pots and pans are made from plastic? ☕

4. In which cup will your tea stay warm longest: a stainless steel cup, a glass cup, or a polystyrene foam cup? Explain why. 🍵

5. Find out the name for materials and substances that are not good conductors of heat. 🧊

🔍 Let’s Investigate!

🧪 Title: Investigate how well different substances conduct electricity

🧰 You will need: two cells, a cell holder, a 1.5 V lamp, three 15 cm pieces of copper connecting wire, a steel paper clip, aluminium foil, tap water, sugar, and pencil graphite ✨

🛡️ Safety First:

• Handle all electrical components carefully. ⚡
• Keep water away from electrical parts unless instructed. 💧🚫

📝 Method:

1. Set up your circuit as shown in the diagram. 💡

1. Predict how well each substance will conduct electricity and write your predictions in a table. Use ticks (✓) to show your prediction and results:
   • 0 ticks – lamp doesn’t shine
   • 1 tick – lamp is dim
   • 2 ticks – lamp is bright 💡

2. a) What substance is the conducting wire made of?

   b) Touch the free ends of the conducting wire together. How brightly does the lamp shine?

3. Touch the free ends of the wire to the steel paper clip. How brightly does the lamp shine?

   If the lamp does not light up, test again to be sure. 🔁

4. Repeat Step 4 with all other substances you are going to test. Observe and record the brightness of the lamp each time. 💡

1. Record your observations in a table. 📊

   a) Were your results reliable?
   b) How can you find out?

❓ Questions: