Science 8th grade
UNIT 10: Measuring motion 10.3 Speed calculations
Science 8th grade
UNIT 10: Measuring motion 10.3 Speed calculations
Skidoo racing is a popular sport in many countries. It takes about 5 minutes to travel $8km$ along the track.
We can use this information to calculate the skidoo's speed. Take care! We need to work in the correct units - metres and seconds.
distance travelled $ = 8km = 8000m$
time taken $ = 5\min utes = 300s$
$speed = \frac{{distance}}{{time}} = \frac{{8000m}}{{300s}} = 26.7m/s$
1) In the Olympic Games, a female athlete ran $5km$ in 14 minutes. What was her average speed during the race?
The faster you run and the longer you run for, the farther you will get. You can work out how far using the equation for speed.
The equation must be rearranged like this:
distance travelled = average speed x time taken
Or simply:
distance = speed x time
Here is an example:
A bus is travelling along a road. Its speed is $25m/s$.
How far will it travel in one minute ($60s$)?
distance travelled = speed x time taken
$\eqalign{
& = 25m/s \times 60s \cr
& = 1500m \cr} $
So the bus will travel $1500m\,(1/5km)$ in one minute.
2) A migrating bird can travel at a speed of $30m/s$. How far will it travel in 25 minutes at this speed? Give your answer in metres (m), and in kilometres (km).
You can also use the equation for speed to calculate the time a moving object's journey will take.
The equation must be rearranged like this:
$\begin{array}{l}
\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{time}&{taken}
\end{array} = \frac{{\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{distan ce}&{travelled}
\end{array}}}{{\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{average}&{speed}
\end{array}}}\\
\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{Or}&{simply}
\end{array}:\\
time = \frac{{distance}}{{speed}}
\end{array}$
Here is an example:
An aircraft flies at an average speed of $250m/s$.
How long will it take to fly between two airports $750km$ apart?
$\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{time}&{taken}
\end{array} = \frac{{\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{distance}&{travelled}
\end{array}}}{{\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{average}&{speed}
\end{array}}} = \frac{{750000m}}{{250m/s}} = 3000s$
So the aircraft will take 3000s, which is 50 minutes
3) A cargo ship travels at an average speed of $12m/s$. How long will it take to travel between two ports which are $600km$ apart?
Make up three questions like the ones in this topic.
• In one question, you need to calculate average speed.
• In one question, you need to calculate distance travelled
• In one question, you need to calculate time taken.
Make sure that you can answer the questions. Keep your answers secret.
Exchange your questions with a partner. Solve each other's questions. Do you get the same answers?