This AQA AS-level Biology exam covers various topics, including molecular biology, cell structure, metabolism, and genetics. Key subjects include differences between DNA and RNA, enzyme action, and cell membrane transport. Students explore the structure of triglycerides and phospholipids, as well as the hydrolysis of sucrose. The paper also addresses ATP resynthesis, the effects of kinesin inhibitors on mitosis, and the genetic mutations involved in Alzheimer’s disease. Tasks involve applying knowledge to biological processes, analyzing experimental data, and understanding the application of biological concepts in health and disease contexts, including vaccine responses and statistical analysis of experimental results.