The exam explores biological structures, processes, and experimental analysis. Key topics include ribosomal function, endoplasmic reticulum structures, ATP synthase mechanisms, and polysaccharide biochemistry. Blood flow dynamics, cardiac output, and vessel regulation during exercise are analyzed alongside meiotic chromosome behavior and genetic variation causes. Lipid digestion involves triglyceride hydrolysis and bile salt functions, with natural selection in enzymatic evolution highlighted. Cell cycle, mitotic chromosome behavior, and DNA/RNA structural comparisons are emphasized. Analytical tasks involve protein concentration estimation, gill surface area calculations, and phylogenetic classifications. Quantitative and theoretical integration enhances understanding of diverse biological systems.