The exam covers inorganic and physical chemistry topics, including atomic structure, ionization energies, and mass spectrometry. It emphasizes thermodynamics through enthalpy calculations, bond enthalpy, and formation reactions. Reaction kinetics and equilibrium principles involve concentration calculations, Kc expressions, and temperature-pressure effects. Analytical questions address intermolecular forces, electronegativity, molecular shapes, and reaction mechanisms. Practical applications include calorimetry, atom economy, redox processes, and metal extraction. Theoretical and applied aspects integrate stoichiometric analysis, empirical formula determination, and transition metal reactions, testing problem-solving and quantitative skills across diverse chemical contexts.