The exam emphasizes computational theory, programming concepts, and ethical considerations in computer science. Topics include number systems (binary, hexadecimal), ASCII and Unicode coding systems, parity error detection, and Vernam cipher encryption. Data representation explores analogue-to-digital conversion and differences between data types. Boolean algebra tasks involve logic gates, circuit design, and expression simplification. The fetch-execute cycle, processor components, data bus improvements, and asynchronous data transfer are analyzed. Assembly programming focuses on control flow and arithmetic operations. Networking concepts such as latency, protocols, and topologies are explored. Ethical and legal issues address data privacy and lossy compression in smart devices.