This AS Geography Paper examines physical geography and human-environment interactions. Section A addresses water and carbon cycles, coastal systems, and glacial landscapes, focusing on carbon storage, drainage basin impacts, sea level change, and glacial geomorphology. Section B explores natural hazards and urban environments, analyzing storm surges, volcanic impacts, gentrification, sustainable drainage systems, and socio-economic inequalities. The paper emphasizes evaluating natural processes, human activities shaping landscapes, urban sustainability strategies, and critical geographical analysis supported by data interpretation and applied case studies.