The AS Physics paper covers mechanics, materials, waves, circuits, and particle physics. Mechanics involves forces, kinematics, and momentum conservation in systems like ramps and beams. Materials explore Young’s modulus, stress-strain relationships, and tensile strength. Wave concepts include interference patterns, diffraction, and wavelength calculations. Electrical circuits focus on resistance, current distribution, and EMF in parallel and series configurations. Particle physics addresses baryon number conservation, strong and weak interactions, and energy transitions in hydrogen atoms. Real-world applications test reasoning, calculations, and problem-solving with experimental setups for interference, equilibrium, and photon energy