The AS Physics exam paper covers core topics including mechanics, materials, waves, electricity, and particle physics. Mechanics focuses on acceleration, force equilibrium, and momentum conservation with experiments involving gliders and air tracks. Materials explore stress-strain relationships and Young′s modulus. Waves include optical diffraction, standing waves, and light interference. Electricity addresses resistance, current, EMF, and energy transfer. Particle physics examines radioactive decay, energy calculations, and ionization processes. Practical applications include optical strain gauges, alpha-particle ionization, and electrical circuit analysis. The paper integrates experimental design, quantitative problem-solving, and conceptual understanding across key physical principles.