The AS Physics paper covers mechanics, particle physics, electricity, and waves. Topics include kinetic energy and Newton′s laws in projectile motion, deceleration due to atmospheric drag, and gravitational effects. Electricity examines emf, internal resistance, and power dissipation in circuits. Particle physics addresses quark interactions, hadron stability, and specific charge calculations for boron isotopes. Waves concepts involve standing waves, superposition, harmonics, and wave speed on vibrating strings. Applied problems integrate energy transformations, atmospheric density effects, and experimental design for string oscillations, testing analytical reasoning, calculation accuracy, and understanding of core physical principles.