The AS Physics paper evaluates topics in mechanics, optics, electricity, and waves. Mechanics addresses forces, tension, Young′s modulus, and equilibrium involving cables and beams. Optics includes refraction, refractive index calculations, and light behavior in media. Electricity concepts cover internal resistance, EMF determination, and current-potential difference relationships. Waves focus on stationary waves, superposition, and harmonics in vibrating strings. Particle physics examines photon energy, electron acceleration in photomultiplier tubes, and electron flow detection. The paper integrates experimental methods, uncertainty analysis, and mathematical modeling to assess analytical skills and core principles of physical systems.