The AS Physics exam paper covers core topics in mechanics, materials, waves, and electricity. Mechanics includes force equilibrium, acceleration, and frictional forces on inclined planes. Materials focus on Young’s modulus, stress-strain relationships, and energy transformations. Waves explore microwave interference, standing waves, and light refraction with refractive index calculations. Electricity addresses current, resistance, EMF, internal resistance, and power calculations. Particle physics highlights specific charge, quark structure, and photon energy in decay processes. Applied problem-solving integrates experimental analysis, graph interpretation, and real-world examples such as conveyor systems, LED power, and optical behavior.