The document addresses critical A-level biology concepts, including photosynthesis (light-dependent and light-independent reactions), enzyme function (rubisco), respiration in yeast, genetic mutations, and ecological succession. Topics emphasize experimental analysis, including drug effects (furosemide and CVT), gene linkage, and neurotransmitter pathways (dopamine, GABA). The exam also explores genetic engineering techniques (transgenic soybeans, plasmid insertion) and population genetics (lactase persistence, Hardy-Weinberg calculations). Key themes are statistical analysis, molecular biology, ecological diversity, and practical applications of genetics and physiology. Keywords include “enzyme activity,“ “photosynthesis,“ “gene mutation,“ “succession,“ “lactase persistence,“ “neurotransmitters,“ and “genetic engineering.“