The exam paper emphasizes advanced biology topics, including ecological succession, energy transfer in ecosystems, genetic mutations, gene therapy, and enzyme activity. It covers physiological processes such as muscle contraction, photosynthesis, and the role of hormones in metabolic regulation. Practical skills are tested through experimental analysis involving DNA probes, chromatography, and Hardy-Weinberg calculations. Topics like population genetics, the immune response, epigenetics, and neurological disorders are also explored. Keywords include “energy transfer,“ “gene therapy,“ “muscle contraction,“ “photosynthesis,“ “DNA probe,“ “Hardy-Weinberg,“ and “epigenetics.“