The exam paper covers core A-level biology concepts, emphasizing molecular, physiological, and ecological processes. Topics include active transport, enzymatic hydrolysis of lipids, cardiac cycle dynamics, DNA replication, transcription, and translation. Experimental analysis focuses on anthocyanin extraction, particulate matter effects on alveolar epithelium, and stomatal density′s relation to atmospheric CO2. Genetic diversity is explored through non-coding base sequences, phylogenetic trees, and gene mutations. Allergic reactions and immune responses are linked to alpha-gal disaccharides. Keywords include “SGLT1 transporter,“ “cardiac cycle,“ “semi-conservative replication,“ “anthocyanin extraction,“ “stomatal density,“ “gene mutation,“ and “immune response.“