The exam paper evaluates key biological topics, including cellular respiration, nerve impulse transmission, plant growth regulators, and genetic inheritance. It explores glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and ATP synthesis. Neuronal signaling is analyzed through resting potentials and myelination. Experiments focus on indoleacetic acid′s role in phototropism and genetic crosses in fruit flies. Applied biology covers insulin receptor binding in diabetes, epigenetic treatments for myelodysplastic syndromes, RNA interference in hepatitis B, and the polymerase chain reaction. Ecological studies address algal growth regulation, coral reef succession, and speciation in Lake Malawi. Keywords include “glycolysis,“ “neurotransmission,“ “phototropism,“ “epigenetics,“ and “RNA interference.“