The exam paper evaluates core biological concepts, including viral structure, polysaccharide composition, and mechanisms of gas exchange. Topics encompass malaria pathogenesis, C. difficile toxin effects, aseptic techniques, and antimicrobial substance analysis. Advanced areas address haemoglobin dissociation curves, cytokinesis inhibition by MiTMAB, ELISA-based diagnostics for dengue fever, and tissue fluid dynamics. Practical applications include mitosis, antibody digestion, and bacterial flagella classification. Extended responses explore quaternary protein formation, DNA structure, chromosome organization, and genetic variation processes. Keywords include “virus structure,“ “antimicrobial resistance,“ “cytokinesis,“ “ELISA,“ “tissue fluid return,“ and “genetic diversity mechanisms.“