The exam assesses inorganic and physical chemistry concepts, including equilibrium constants, thermodynamics, and atomic structure. Key topics include Kp expressions, partial pressure calculations, Born–Haber cycles, and lattice enthalpy determination. Questions explore the behavior of isotopes, time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and redox reactions in cells. Analytical sections cover pH calculations for acids, bases, and buffer solutions. Period 3 elements are examined through reactions and structural analysis, including melting point trends. Group 7 chemistry focuses on halide reactions, color changes, and bonding. Transition metal complexes are analyzed for color changes, ligand substitution, and d-electron transitions. Practical applications and quantitative problem-solving are emphasized.