The exam evaluates inorganic and physical chemistry, emphasizing thermodynamics, kinetics, and equilibrium. Topics include transition metal complexes, electrode potentials, Born–Haber cycles, and hydration enthalpy comparisons. Analytical sections address equilibrium constant (Kp) calculations, mole fractions, and partial pressures in gaseous equilibria. Practical chemistry explores titration techniques, enthalpy of solution, and ionisation energy calculations. Key topics also include aluminium complexes, acid dissociation constants (Ka), pH calculations, and fuel cell reactions. The paper emphasizes quantitative problem-solving, theoretical analysis, and practical applications, integrating advanced chemistry principles across diverse chemical systems.