The exam evaluates computer science principles, including programming, data structures, and algorithms. Topics cover syntax validation using Backus-Naur Form, regular expressions for postcode formats, and finite state machine applications. Algorithm analysis includes time complexity for sorting and searching methods. Object-oriented programming concepts like inheritance, encapsulation, and class design are explored with tasks to modify and extend a skeleton program. Practical programming tasks include implementing text compression, terrain representation in simulations, and modifying subroutines for error handling. The paper emphasizes problem-solving, algorithmic efficiency, and the application of theoretical computer science to real-world scenarios.