The exam paper covers physical geography topics, with a focus on natural processes and human impacts on the environment. Key areas include the carbon cycle, decomposition, farming impacts, and climate change effects on regions like southern Africa. It also explores desertification, coastal systems, and glacial processes. The paper includes data analysis of rainfall, desertification risks, and isostatic adjustments. Key questions assess the role of human practices in managing landscapes, particularly in relation to climate change, desertification, and biodiversity. Additionally, there are evaluations of environmental change, coastal management, and the sustainability of ecosystems under stress.