The June 2019 A-level Physical Education Paper 2 addresses factors affecting optimal performance in physical activity. Topics include exercise physiology (impulse, strength training, sodium function), biomechanics (flight path analysis, impulse graphing), and sports psychology (anxiety, attribution theory). Analytical sections evaluate drug use in sports, goal-setting impacts, and the role of technology in performance analysis. Keywords: optimal performance, impulse, biomechanics, sports psychology, doping, performance analysis.