The GCSE Chemistry J248/01 (June 2023) paper evaluates fundamental chemistry topics, including atomic structure, periodic trends, and reaction mechanisms. Section A tests foundational knowledge such as subatomic particles, electron configuration, and Mendeleev′s periodic table contributions. Section B explores practical applications like chromatography, bonding models, isotopes, and electrolysis. Key themes include the properties of alloys, reaction profiles, nanoparticles, and exothermic reactions. The paper emphasizes data interpretation, critical thinking, and real-world applications of theoretical principles.