1. Properties and interactions of electromagnetic waves, including absorption, reflection, and transmission through various materials. 2. Construction and optimization of electromagnets, calculation of resistance, charge flow, and practical applications. 3. Energy stored in springs, calculation of work done during stretching, and data collection techniques in experiments involving elasticity. 4. Energy transfer in mechanical systems, influence of variable resistors on circuit behavior, and resistance calculations in electrical circuits. 5. Absorption and emission characteristics of electromagnetic radiation and associated risks of using gamma rays, X-rays, and UV lamps. 6. Density calculations, differences between states of matter, and analysis of how particle arrangement affects density using comparative data.