The exam tests key GCSE Combined Science concepts, emphasizing physics (wave properties, reflection, and refraction), environmental science (recycling, biodiversity, and deforestation), and practical investigations (spring extension and population sampling). It evaluates applied skills in data interpretation, experimental design, and chemical separations, including fractional distillation of crude oil. Health and fitness trends, alongside cardiovascular risk factors, are analyzed using graphical and tabular data. Keywords: waves, reflection, recycling, biodiversity, fractional distillation, cardiovascular risk, spring extension, population sampling.