The biology past paper emphasizes cellular biology, enzyme function, and human physiology. It covers topics like DNA structure, menstrual cycle hormones, reflex arcs, photosynthesis, and respiration. Experimental setups investigate enzyme activity and factors influencing photosynthesis. Practical data interpretation and calculations (e.g., reaction times, energy content) feature prominently. Keywords include “cell membrane,“ “active transport,“ “stem cells,“ “reaction time,“ “lock and key hypothesis,“ and “phloem adaptation,“ reflecting its focus on core biological processes, experimental analysis, and applied understanding of biological systems.