1. Coordination and response - The human nervous system, sense organs, hormones, and plant responses to stimuli. 2. Excretion and homeostasis - Regulation of internal conditions and waste removal processes. 3. Reproduction and genetics - Asexual and sexual reproduction, human reproductive system, sexually transmitted infections, chromosomes, genes, and protein synthesis. 4. Evolution and ecosystems - Variation, selection, energy flow in food webs, nutrient cycles, population dynamics, and human influences on ecosystems. 5. Biotechnology and biological processes - Genetic modification, biotechnology applications, photosynthesis, enzyme functions, and respiration mechanisms. 6. Human biology and physiology - Circulatory system, heart function, blood components, digestion, absorption, transport in plants and animals, and disease immunity.