1. Anatomy and physiology: skeletal and muscular system functions, joint types and movement, muscle fiber types, respiratory system gas exchange and ventilation, circulatory system components and cardiac output. 2. Energy supply and biomechanics: aerobic and anaerobic respiration, recovery, short- and long-term exercise effects, principles and applications of force, levers. 3. Health, fitness, and training: fitness components, diet and energy sources, VO₂ max, principles of training, training methods. 4. Skill acquisition and psychology: skill classification, stages of learning, information-processing model, feedback, goal-setting, motivation, anxiety, relaxation techniques, personality types. 5. Social, cultural, and ethical influences: leisure and recreation growth, sports development pyramid, sponsorship, media, global events, professional and amateur performers, technology in sport. 6. Ethics and risk in sports: performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs), blood doping, risk assessment, injuries.