1. Forces and Motion | Calculating acceleration, kinetic energy, and work done; analyzing velocity-time graphs; explaining Newton’s second law and inertial mass; investigating the effect of mass on motion. 2. Energy and Power | Efficiency calculations, gravitational potential energy in hydroelectric power, work done in stretching materials, energy transformations in heating, and specific latent heat. 3. Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation | Properties of X-rays, radio waves, and electromagnetic radiation; Doppler effect in Voyager 1 signals; frequency-wavelength-speed relationships; applications of atomic clocks and satellite navigation. 4. Electricity and Magnetism | Work done by charged particles in electric fields, energy in high-voltage circuits, and energy transformations in electrical devices. 5. Particle Physics and Materials Science | Deformation of materials (elastic and plastic behavior), forces in metals, atomic structure, and emission of electromagnetic radiation by atoms. 6. Environmental Physics and Renewable Energy | Wind and gas energy generation, hydroelectric power, comparison of biofuels and fossil fuels, and sustainability in energy sources.