1. Structural Design and Forces | Identifying forces acting on structures, applying triangulation for rigidity, and understanding manufactured structures in scaffolding. 2. Material Properties and Composites | Naming composite materials, explaining their benefits, and assessing environmental advantages of disassemblable products. 3. Mechanical Systems and Motion Types | Describing friction reduction in pivots, classifying levers, and identifying different motion types in mechanical systems. 4. Gears and Transmission Systems | Understanding spur gears, their advantages, and their impact on speed and direction in mechanical systems. 5. Electronic Components and Circuits | Matching circuit symbols to components, defining microswitch terminals, and constructing logic gate circuits using NAND gates. 6. Safety and Structural Integrity | Analyzing causes of structural failure, calculating stress in support structures, and designing reinforcements for bending shelves. 7. Mechanism Design and Efficiency | Explaining cranked handle advantages, improving mechanical advantage, and analyzing drive belt efficiency in rotational systems. 8. Circuit Design and Signal Processing | Constructing a relay circuit, troubleshooting timing issues in a 555 timer IC circuit, and explaining PCB design choices.