1. Material Properties and Energy Sources | Understanding wood screw specifications, identifying natural energy sources, and selecting appropriate materials for product design. 2. Manufacturing Processes and Techniques | Sketching grooves in softwood, shaping aluminium phone holders, and using metalworking techniques for mass production. 3. Casting and Sheet Metal Forming | Identifying casting processes, explaining the benefits of annealing copper, and understanding the use of shape memory alloys. 4. Joint Strengthening and Structural Design | Reinforcing glued wood joints, explaining the advantages of integral plastic lids, and improving design features for durability. 5. Woodworking and Assembly Techniques | Cutting and assembling a condiment holder, creating jigs for efficient batch production, and ensuring precision in joint construction. 6. Acrylic Fabrication and Finishing | Bending and shaping acrylic components, marking and cutting out clock face designs, and applying CAM for precise detailing. 7. Metalworking and Joining Methods | Cutting and assembling mild steel components, using brazing for structural connections, and ensuring accurate recess cutting. 8. Product Evaluation and Design Improvements | Testing the success of a design, modifying stands for stability, and implementing enhancements for functional and aesthetic improvements.