1. States of Matter & Atomic Structure | Diffusion of gases, differences in molecular and giant covalent structures, isotopes, and relative atomic mass calculations. 2. Chemical Bonding & Electrical Conductivity | Ionic and covalent compounds, electrical conductivity in metals and electrolytes, movement of charged particles in solutions. 3. Stoichiometry & Molar Calculations | Empirical formulas, relative molecular masses, percentage composition, titration concentration calculations. 4. Electrolysis & Redox Reactions | Reactions at electrodes, movement of ions, half-equations, and applications of electrolysis in industry. 5. Reaction Kinetics & Equilibrium | Factors affecting reaction rates, energy profile diagrams, equilibrium shifts due to temperature changes. 6. Acids, Bases & Salts | Properties of acids and bases, pH comparisons, formation of salts, and amphoteric oxide behavior. 7. Metals & Reactivity Series | Extraction of metals from ores, rust prevention, properties of transition metals, and displacement reactions. 8. Organic Chemistry & Polymers | Hydrocarbons, cracking of petroleum, ester formation, polymerization types, and fermentation of ethanol. 9. Environmental Chemistry & Air Pollution | Effects of air pollutants, greenhouse gases, acid rain formation, and pollution control measures.