1. Forces & Motion | Newton’s laws, momentum changes, jet ski acceleration, force calculations, kinetic energy determination.

2. Pressure & Fluids | Deriving pressure equations, analyzing beaker pressure variations, sketching pressure-time graphs.

3. Heat Transfer & Insulation | Freezer cooling mechanisms, conduction in materials, role of air bubbles in reducing thermal transfer.

4. Gas Laws & Pressure Changes | Boyle’s law applications, force balance in a syringe, explaining pressure changes with volume expansion.

5. Light & Optics | Converging and diverging lenses, focal length determination, ray diagram construction, magnification calculations.

6. Electricity & Magnetism | Relay circuit operation, transformer function, power calculations for electrical heating elements.

7. Waves & Alternating Current | AC voltage-time graph sketching, transformer voltage ratios, properties of electromagnetic induction.

8. Radioactivity & Nuclear Physics | Alpha particle composition, decay equations, half-life calculations, gamma radiation behavior in fields.

9. Earth & Space Physics | Earth’s rotational speed, orbital mechanics, gravitational force variations in elliptical orbits.