1. Utility Software Functions | Explaining disk formatting, data compression, and disk defragmentation in maintaining computer systems. 2. Mainframe Computer Characteristics | Analyzing volume of input/output/throughput and security measures in mainframe environments. 3. Management Information Systems (MIS) | Describing how MIS software supports business operations and decision-making. 4. Database Relationships | Explaining one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many relationships in relational databases. 5. Data Sources and Accuracy | Differentiating direct vs. indirect data sources, and discussing the importance of validation and verification in data accuracy. 6. Programming and System Technologies | Evaluating compilers, microprocessor-controlled systems, monitoring technologies, expert systems, and compression methods for audio quality.