1. Light Penetration in Ocean Zones | Analyzing light intensity changes across the epipelagic, mesopelagic, and bathypelagic zones and its effect on photosynthesis.

2. Pyramid of Biomass in Marine Food Webs | Constructing a biomass pyramid and evaluating biomass transfer efficiency between trophic levels.

3. Phytoplankton Distribution and Nutrient Cycling | Investigating temperature, nitrate concentration, and phytoplankton abundance in different ocean locations.

4. Impact of Ocean Acidification on Marine Organisms | Evaluating the effects of reduced pH on snail shell thickness and algae protein content near underwater vents.

5. Population Estimation Using the Lincoln Index | Applying the mark-release-recapture method to estimate shark populations and discussing species nomenclature importance.

6. Tsunami Formation and Coastal Impact | Explaining earthquake-generated tsunamis, geomorphological influences on wave height, and coastal erosion effects.