1. Market System – Demand and supply curves, factors influencing shifts, price elasticity, and market equilibrium are fundamental to understanding economic interactions. 2. Business Economics – Productivity, division of labor, business costs, revenues, economies of scale, and market structures (monopoly, oligopoly) shape business efficiency. 3. Government & Economy – Economic growth, inflation, unemployment, and balance of payments are key indicators of a nation’s economic health. 4. Fiscal & Monetary Policies – Taxation, government spending, and central bank policies influence economic stability and growth. 5. Labour Market & Trade Unions – Supply and demand for labor, along with trade union activity, impact employment levels and wage structures. 6. Government Intervention – Policies such as income redistribution, environmental protection, and supply-side strategies regulate and support economic functions.