1. Characteristics of Living Organisms and Pathogens: Defining basic life processes, identifying bacterial pathogens, comparing virus and bacteria structures, and describing plant viral infections. 2. Ecology and Food Webs: Constructing food chains, understanding energy transfer, describing decomposition by bacteria and fungi, and analyzing pesticide effects on trophic levels. 3. Cell Biology and Osmosis: Identifying plant cell structures, calculating surface area to volume ratios, explaining effects of osmosis on red blood cells in different solutions. 4. Nervous System and Reflexes: Describing reflex responses, labeling nerve impulse pathways, calculating nerve transmission speeds, and explaining the function of pain in survival. 5. Blood Composition and Circulatory System: Identifying blood components, describing phagocytosis in white blood cells, calculating magnification, and analyzing oxygen saturation in anaemia. 6. Genetics and Enzyme Activity: Performing genetic crosses, calculating expected offspring ratios, designing enzyme activity experiments, analyzing lipase reaction rates with temperature changes.