1. Business Finance and Profitability: Financial calculations (gross profit margin, markup, break-even point), cash flow management, and impact of exchange rates.

2. Market Research and Business Growth: Primary vs. secondary market research, customer trends, market segmentation, and evaluating marketing effectiveness.

3. Human Resources and Employee Management: Employee motivation strategies, recruitment and training methods, job roles, and benefits of a flat organizational structure.

4. Marketing and Competitive Strategy: Promotional strategies, branding importance, pricing decisions, and customer retention techniques.

5. Operational Strategies and Business Expansion: Economies of scale, break-even analysis, factors influencing location choice, and financial planning for growth.

6. Decision Making and Strategic Planning: Justification of financial and operational options, cost-benefit analysis, government regulations, and impact of financial ratios on business performance.