1. Forces and Motion: Acceleration calculations, Newton’s laws of motion, stopping distances, velocity-time graphs, and forces on falling objects.

2. Energy and Work Done: Kinetic and gravitational potential energy, energy conservation, efficiency calculations, and power equations.

3. Waves and Optics: Reflection and refraction of light, wave properties, electromagnetic spectrum, and speed of Wi-Fi signals.

4. Electricity and Circuits: Ohm’s law, series and parallel circuits, resistance calculations, thermistor behavior, and power equations.

5. Magnetism and Electromagnetism: Magnetic fields, motor effect, Fleming’s left-hand rule, electromagnetic induction, and applications of transformers.

6. Radioactivity and Space Physics: Half-life calculations, orbital mechanics, pressure-volume relationships, satellite motion, and energy transfer in space.